SARS-CoV-2 serology after COVID-19 in multiple sclerosis: An international cohort study

Sormani M. P.;Schiavetti I.;Landi D.;Carmisciano L.;De Rossi N.;Cordioli C.;Moiola L.;Radaelli M.;Immovilli P.;Capobianco M.;Brescia Morra V.;Trojano M.;Tedeschi G.;Comi G.;Battaglia M. A.;Patti F.;Fragoso Y. D.;Sen S.;Siva A.;Furlan R.;Salvetti M.;Abbadessa G.;Aguglia U.;Allegorico L.;Allegri R. B. M.;Amato M. P.;Annovazzi P.;Antozzi C.;Appendino L.;Arena S.;Baione V.;Balgera R.;Barcella V.;Baroncini D.;Barrila C.;Battaglia M. A.;Bellacosa A.;Bellucci G.;Bergamaschi R.;Bergamaschi V.;Bezzini D.;Biolzi B.;Bisecco A.;Bonavita S.;Borriello G.;Bosa C.;Bosco A.;Bovis F.;Bozzali M.;Brambilla L.;Brescia M. V.;Brichetto G.;Buccafusca M.;Bucciantini E.;Bucello S.;Buscarinu M. C.;Cabboi M. P.;Calabrese M.;Calabria F.;Caleri F.;Camilli F.;Caniatti L. M.;Cantello R.;Capobianco M.;Capra R.;Capuano R.;Carmisciano L.;Carta P.;Cavalla P.;Celani M. G.;Cellerino M.;Cerqua R.;Chisari C.;Clerici R.;Clerico M.;Cocco E.;Cola G.;Confalonieri P.;Conte A.;Conti M. Z.;Cordano C.;Cordera S.;Cordioli C.;Corea F.;Correale C.;Cottone S.;Crescenzo F.;Curti E.;d'Ambrosio A.;D'Amico E.;Danni M. C.;d'Arma A.;Dattola V.;de Biase S.;De Luca G.;De Mercanti S. F.;De Mitri P.;De Rossi N.;De Stefano N.;Della Cava M.;di Napoli M.;Di Sapio A.;Docimo R.;Dutto A.;Evangelista L.;Fanara S.;Ferraro D.;Ferro M. T.;Filippi M.;Fioretti C.;Fratta M.;Frau J.;Fronza M.;Furlan R.;Gajofatto A.;Gallo A.;Gallo P.;Gasperini C.;Ghazaryan A.;Giometto B.;Gobbin F.;Govone F.;Granella F.;Grange E.;Grasso M. G.;Guareschi A.;Guaschino C.;Guerrieri S.;Guidetti D.;Iaffaldano P.;Ianniello A.;Iasevoli L.;Imperiale D.;Infante M. T.;Inglese M.;Iodice R.;Iovino A.;Konrad G.;Lanzillo R.;Lapucci C.;Lavorgna L.;L'Episcopo Maria R.;Leva S.;Liberatore G.;Lo Re M.;Longoni M.;Lopiano L.;Lorefice L.;Lucchini M.;Lus G.;Maimone D.;Malentacchi M.;Mallucci G.;Malucchi S.;Mancinelli C. R.;Mancinelli L.;Manganotti P.;Maniscalco T. G.;Mantero V.;Marangoni S.;Marastoni D.;Marfia A. G.;Marinelli F.;Marti A.;Martinelli Boneschi F.;Masserano Zoli F.;Matta F.;Mendozzi L.;Meucci G.;Miante S.;Miele G.;Milano E.;Mirabella M.;Missione R.;Moccia M.;Montepietra S.;Monti Bragadin M.;Montini F.;Motta R.;Nardone R.;Nicoletti C. G.;Nobile-Orazio E.;Nozzolillo A.;Onofrj M.;Orlandi R.;Palmieri A.;Paolicelli D.;Pasquali L.;Pasto L.;Pedrazzoli E.;Perini P.;Pesci I.;Petracca M.;Petrone A.;Piantadosi C.;Pietroboni A. M.;Pinardi F.;Ponzano M.;Portaccio E.;Pozzato M.;Pozzilli C.;Prosperini L.;Protti A.;Radaelli M.;Ragonese P.;Rasia S.;Realmuto S.;Repice A.;Rigoni E.;Rilla M. T.;Rinaldi F.;Romano C. M.;Ronzoni M.;Rovaris M.;Ruscica F.;Sabattini L.;Salemi G.;Salvetti M.;Saraceno L.;Sartori A.;Sartori A.;Sbragia E.;Scandellari C.;Scarano Giuditta I.;Scarano V.;Schillaci V.;Sessa M.;Sgarito C.;Sibilia G.;Siciliano G.;Signori A.;Signoriello E.;Sinisi L.;Sireci F.;Sola P.;Solaro C.;Sotgiu S.;Sparaco M.;Stromillo M. L.;Strumia S.;Susani L. E.;Tabiadon G.;Teatini F.;Tedeschi G.;Tomassini V.;Tonietti S.;Torri C. V.;Tortorella C.;Toscano S.;Totaro R.;Trojano M.;Trotta M.;Turano G.;Ulivelli M.;Valentino M.;Vaula G.;Vecchio D.;Vercellino M.;Verrengia E. P.;Vianello M.;Virgilio E.;Vitetta F.;Vollaro S.;Zaffaroni M.;Zampolini M.;Zarbo I. R.;Zito A.;Zuliani L.

2022-01-01

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Abstract

Background: The MuSC-19 project is an Italian cohort study open to international partners that collects data on multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with COVID-19. During the second wave of the pandemic, serological tests became routinely available. Objective: To evaluate the seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies according to the use of disease-modifying therapy (DMT) in a subset of patients included in the MuSC-19 data set who had undergone a serological test. Methods: We evaluated the association between positive serological test results and time elapsed since infection onset, age, sex, Expanded Disability Status Scale score, comorbidities and DMT exposure using a multivariable logistic model. Results: Data were collected from 423 patients (345 from Italy, 61 from Turkey and 17 from Brazil) with a serological test performed during follow-up. Overall, 325 out of 423 tested patients (76.8%) had a positive serological test. At multivariate analysis, therapy with anti-CD20 was significantly associated with a reduced probability of developing antibodies after COVID-19 (odds ratio (OR) = 0.20, p = 0.002). Conclusion: Patients with MS maintain the capacity to develop humoral immune response against SARS-COV-2, although to a lesser extent when treated with anti-CD20 drugs. Overall, our results are reassuring with respect to the possibility to achieve sufficient immunization with vaccination.