Intravenous immunoglobulins and plasmapheresis combined treatment in patients with severe toxic epidermal necrolysis: Preliminary report

Lissia, Mariolissia;Figus, A.;Rubino, C.

2005-01-01

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Abstract

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is an acute drug-induced life-threatening disorder characterised by extensive epidermal exfoliation and high rate of mortality. Between October 2000 and April 2003, five severe TEN patients were evaluated using a specific TEN severity-of-illness scale (SCORTEN) and treated for the first time, with a combined therapy using Intravenous Human Immunoglobulins (IVIG) and plasmapheresis. The standardised mortality ratio (SMR) analysis ([∑ observed deaths/ ∑ expected deaths]×100) was applied to establish how IVIG and plasmapheresis treatment could reduce TEN patient mortality. The observed mortality was one out of five patients corresponding to 20%. The expected mortality based on SCORTEN was 3.319 corresponding to 66%. The SMR analysis revealed a 70% reduction in mortality (SMR=0.30; 95% confidence interval, 0.0-0.96). Our series show a low mortality rate (2 0%) related to the severity of the patients (66% expected mortality). The use of IVIG in association with plasmapheresis has a rational basis and may be effective in severe TEN patients. © 2005 The Bitish Association of Plastic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.