Declining Prevalence of HIV-1 Drug Resistance in Antiretroviral Treatment-exposed Individuals in Western Europe

De Luca Andrea;Dunn David;Zazzi Maurizio;Camacho Ricardo;Torti Carlo;Fanti Iuri;Kaiser Rolf;Sonnerborg Anders;Codoner Francisco M.;Van Laethem Kristel;Vandamme Anne Mieke;Bansi Loveleen;Ghisetti Valeria;van de Vijver David A. M. C.;Asboe David;Prosperi Mattia C. F.;Di Giambenedetto Simona;MANDAS, ANTONELLA

2013-01-01

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Abstract

HIV-1 drug resistance represents a major obstacle to infection and disease control. This retrospective study analyzes trends and determinants of resistance in antiretroviral treatment (ART)-exposed individuals across 7 countries in Europe. Of 20 323 cases, 80% carried at least one resistance mutation: these declined from 81% in 1997 to 71% in 2008. Predicted extensive 3-class resistance was rare (3.2% considering the cumulative genotype) and peaked at 4.5% in 2005, decreasing thereafter. The proportion of cases exhausting available drug options dropped from 32% in 2000 to 1% in 2008. Reduced risk of resistance over calendar years was confirmed by multivariable analysis.