Governare la salute nella città post-pandemica. Una proposta metodologica

Beniamino Murgante;Angela Pilogallo;Francesco Scorza;Ginevra Balletto

;Giuseppe Borruso

;Lucia Saganeiti;Paolo Castiglia;Antonella Arghittu;Marco Dettori

2022-01-01

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Abstract

The basic hypothesis of this research work is that the heterogeneous distribution of the pandemic effects from Covid-19 is to be attributed to the existence of a set of combined factors of a geographical, environmental and socio-economic nature that have affected the response capacity of the community. In particular, the high concentrations of atmospheric pollutants, favored by climatic and geographical characteristics, can directly affect the health of the population and determine preconditions for the development of respiratory system diseases and related complications. In most cases, the attention on environmental aspects focuses on pollution and emission components, neglecting the issues related to territorial planning and the management of the relationship between anthropogenic and environmental components that can instead contribute to high levels of well-being in the long term. In this sense, the reduction of soil consumption and the protection of ecosystem services can favor the improvement of environmental quality and also contribute to the reduction of the pre-conditions that determine high dangerousness values. In order to provide analyzes useful for pursuing greater integration between policies for environmental change and ecological transition, and those strictly connected to human health and the well-being of citizens, a total of thirteen information levels representing three classes of connected factors were considered. the environmental, climatic and land management structure. On the basis of these, three hazard scenarios were represented resulting from spatial multi-criteria analysis processes (Mca) based on the Spatial Analytical Hierarchy Process (Ahp) method. The comparison between the scenario maps shows a heterogeneous spatial distribution of the effects of the pandemic and also highlights the resilience deriving from the environmental components. By virtue of this, the urgent need is confirmed to renew and integrate sustainable development strategies capable of facilitating better responsiveness to environmental, climatic and health shocks in order to ensure adequate levels of well-being within the settlement systems.