Insight into the Chemical Diversity of Late/Ice Harvest Gewürztraminer Wine

Jerković, Igor;Marijanović, Zvonimir;Serreli, Gabriele;Tuberoso, Carlo Ignazio Giovanni

Last

2018-01-01

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Abstract

Late harvest (LHW) and ice harvest (IHW) Gewürztraminer wine samples from Croatia (Ilok) were investigated. Their technological parameters, chromaticity coordinates, total phenols content, and antioxidant capacity were determined. 5-(Hydroxymethyl)furfural, xanthine, and trans-caftaric acid were analyzed in the samples by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-DAD). Headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) followed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis revealed isoamyl alcohol as predominant compound (21.25 – 60.30%). Diethyl succinate, 2-phenylethanol, and benzaldehyde were also abundant. Ethyl octanoate (1.48 – 5.70%) and ethyl caprate (0.48 – 4.83%) decreased significantly in LHW, being the lowest in IHW. Two solvents were applied for the samples extraction (solvent A – pentane/diethyl ether 1:2 (v/v) and solvent B – dichloromethane), and the extracts were analyzed by GC/MS. Ethyl hydrogen succinate (solvent A: 27.30 – 52.04%; solvent B: 28.04 – 46.69%) and diethyl succinate (solvent A: 5.21 – 18.2%; solvent B: 2.66 – 7.72%) were predominant in IHW and LHW. Aromatic alcohols were also found: 2-phenylethanol (solvent A: 7.07 – 21.09%; solvent B: 5.50 – 11.82%), 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (solvent A: 1.45 – 6.68%; solvent B: 2.47 – 12.16%) and benzyl alcohol (solvent A: 0.10 – 0.77%). The obtained results complement a previous study on IHW (Gewürztraminer) from Croatia providing new features and indicating great chemical diversity among the samples.