Evaluation of antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activities ofthe extracts of Sarcopoterium spinosum (L.) Spach fruits

PIRAS, ALESSANDRA;ERA, BENEDETTA;Petrillo, Amalia Di;Paramás, Ana María González;MAXIA, ANDREA;MACCIONI, ALFREDO;PORCEDDA, SILVIA;FALCONIERI, DANILO;ROSA, ANTONELLA

2017-01-01

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Abstract

Sarcopoterium spinosum fruits have been used to get extracts of different nature; two fixed oils were obtained by means of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) with CO2 at 250  bar and 40°C and using nhexane in a Soxhlet extraction (SE) apparatus. Aqueous solutions: an aromatic water (AW) and a residual water (RW) were obtained by hydrodistillation (HD). In the RW, following have been identified: quercetin glucuronide, luteolin 7-O-glucuronide, isorhamnetin 3-Oglucuronide, quercetin sulfate and quercetin. Among all tested plant extracts, the RW had the highest content of polyphenol (378 mg GAE/g of weight) and of flavonoids (26 mg QE/g of weight), and the highest antioxidant activity, comparable to that of Trolox. It was also the most active extract of this series (IC50  =  0.292  mg/mL) in the tyrosinase activity assays performed with L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) as substrate.