Coastal cities and Cultural Heritage: problems of conservation and management. The case of the ancient walled city of Cagliari (Sardinia, Italy)

FIORINO, DONATELLA RITA;GRILLO, SILVANA MARIA

2015-01-01

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Abstract

The present research investigates problems related to Mediterranean coastal cities with specific regards to stratified sites, characterized by a relevant cultural Heritage associated with an outstanding landscape. This heritage is generally exposed to threats that are typical of coastal environment, such as damage by sea salts, wind erosion, corrosion from pollution, as well as anthropic risks such as urban development, pressure from tourism and vandalism. The case study of the city of Cagliari is particularly relevant in this context because of its strategic location in the heart of the Mediterranean. The relationship of the city towards the sea has changed over time, from being a defensive stronghold to becoming an international tourist centre, oriented towards the exploitation of its cultural heritage. This transformation was made by means of a wide expansion outside the walled perimeter and the construction of new hotels. New buildings were constructed using the same brightly coloured materials, following the tradition of the old town. Recently, even the historic town has discovered its touristic potential with the conversion of old residences into small hotels and bed and breakfast accommodation. Risks connected with human and touristic activities seem to be even more dangerous than the degradation caused by natural phenomena. For these reasons, the research highlights the importance, especially for coastal cities, of a multidisciplinary strategic plan and of an integrated tool for monument’s preservation and for the monitoring of urban transformation.