D-meson production in p-Pb collisions at root S-NN=5.02 TeV and in pp collisions at root S=7 TeV
Adam, J.;Adamova, D.;Aggarwal, M. M.;Rinella, G. Aglieri;Agnello, M.;Agrawal, N.;Ahammed, Z.;Ahmad, S.;Ahn, S. U.;Aiola, S.;Akindinov, A.;Alam, S. N.;Albuquerque, D. S. D.;Aleksandrov, D.;Alessandro, B.;Alexandre, D.;Molina, R. Alfaro;Alici, A.;Alkin, A.;Alme, J.;Alt, T.;Altinpinar, S.;Altsybeev, I.;Prado, C. Alves Garcia;Andrei, C.;Andronic, A.;Anguelov, V.;Anticic, T.;Antinori, F.;Antonioli, P.;Aphecetche, L.;Appelshaeuser, H.;Arcelli, S.;Arnaldi, R.;Arnold, O. W.;Arsene, I. C.;Arslandok, M.;Audurier, B.;Augustinus, A.;Averbeck, R.;Azmi, M. D.;Badala, A.;Baek, Y. W.;Bagnasco, S.;Bailhache, R.;Bala, R.;Balasubramanian, S.;Baldisseri, A.;Baral, R. C.;Barbano, A. M.;Barbera, R.;Barile, F.;Barnafoldi, G. G.;Barnby, L. S.;Barret, V.;Bartalini, P.;Barth, K.;Bartke, J.;Bartsch, E.;Basile, M.;Bastid, N.;Basu, S.;Bathen, B.;Batigne, G.;Camejo, A. Batista;Batyunya, B.;Batzing, P. C.;Bearden, I. G.;Beck, H.;Bedda, C.;Behera, N. K.;Belikov, I.;Bellini, F.;Bello Martinez, H.;Bellwied, R.;Belmont, R.;Belmont Moreno, E.;Beltran, L. G. E.;Belyaev, V.;Bencedi, G.;Beole, S.;Berceanu, I.;Bercuci, A.;Berdnikov, Y.;Berenyi, D.;Bertens, R. A.;Berzano, D.;Betev, L.;Bhasin, A.;Bhat, I. R.;Bhati, A. K.;Bhattacharjee, B.;Bhom, J.;Bianchi, L.;Bianchi, N.;Bianchin, C.;Bielcik, J.;Bielcikova, J.;Bilandzic, A.;Biro, G.;Biswas, R.;Biswas, S.;Bjelogrlic, S.;Blair, J. T.;Blau, D.;Blume, C.;Bock, F.;Bogdanov, A.;Boggild, H.;Boldizsar, L.;Bombara, M.;Bonora, M.;Book, J.;Borel, H.;Borissov, A.;Borri, M.;Bossu, F.;Botta, E.;Bourjau, C.;Braun Munzinger, P.;Bregant, M.;Breitner, T.;Broker, T. A.;Browning, T. A.;Broz, M.;Brucken, E. J.;Bruna, E.;Bruno, G. E.;Budnikov, D.;Buesching, H.;Bufalino, S.;Buncic, P.;Busch, O.;Buthelezi, Z.;Butt, J. B.;Buxton, J. T.;Cabala, J.;Caffarri, D.;Cai, X.;Caines, H.;Diaz, L. Calero;Caliva, A.;Calvo Villar, E.;Camerini, P.;Carena, F.;Carena, W.;Carnesecchi, F.;Castellanos, J. Castillo;Castro, A. J.;CASULA, ESTER ANNA RITA;Ceballos Sanchez, C.;Cepila, J.;Cerello, P.;Cerkala, J.;Chang, B.;Chapeland, S.;Chartier, M.;Charvet, J. L.;Chattopadhyay, S.;Chattopadhyay, S.;Chauvin, A.;Chelnokov, V.;Cherney, M.;Cheshkov, C.;Cheynis, B.;Barroso, V. Chibante;Chinellato, D. D.;Cho, S.;Chochula, P.;Choi, K.;Chojnacki, M.;Choudhury, S.;Christakoglou, P.;Christensen, C. H.;Christiansen, P.;Chujo, T.;Chung, S. U.;CICALO', CORRADO;Cifarelli, L.;Cindolo, F.;Cleymans, J.;Colamaria, F.;Colella, D.;Collu, A.;Colocci, M.;Balbastre, G. Conesa;del Valle, Z. Conesa;Connors, M. E.;Contreras, J. G.;Cormier, T. M.;Morales, Y. Corrales;Cortes Maldonado, I.;Cortese, P.;Cosentino, M. R.;Costa, F.;Crkovska, J.;Crochet, P.;Albino, R. Cruz;Cuautle, E.;Cunqueiro, L.;Dahms, T.;Dainese, A.;Danisch, M. C.;Danu, A.;Das, D.;Das, I.;Das, S.;Dash, A.;Dash, S.;De, S.;De Caro, A.;de Cataldo, G.;de Conti, C.;de Cuveland, J.;DE FALCO, ALESSANDRO;De Gruttola, D.;De Marco, N.;De Pasquale, S.;De Souza, R. 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M.;Gajdosova, K.;Gallio, M.;Galvan, C. D.;Gangadharan, D. R.;Ganoti, P.;Gao, C.;Garabatos, C.;Garcia Solis, E.;Gargiulo, C.;Gasik, P.;Gauger, E. F.;Germain, M.;Gheata, M.;Ghosh, P.;Ghosh, S. K.;Gianotti, P.;Giubellino, P.;Giubilato, P.;Gladysz Dziadus, E.;Glaessel, P.;Coral, D. M. Gomez;Ramirez, A. Gomez;Gonzalez, A. S.;Gonzalez, V.;Gonzalez Zamora, P.;Gorbunov, S.;Gorlich, L.;Gotovac, S.;Grabski, V.;Grachov, O. A.;Graczykowski, L. K.;Graham, K. L.;Grelli, A.;Grigoras, A.;Grigoras, C.;Grigoriev, V.;Grigoryan, A.;Grigoryan, S.;Grinyov, B.;Grion, N.;Gronefeld, J. M.;Grosa, F.;Grosse Oetringhaus, J. F.;Grosso, R.;Gruber, L.;Guber, F.;Guernane, R.;Guerzoni, B.;Gulbrandsen, K.;Gunji, T.;Gupta, A.;Gupta, R.;Haake, R.;Hadjidakis, C.;Haiduc, M.;Hamagaki, H.;Hamar, G.;Hamon, J. C.;Harris, J. W.;Harton, A.;Hatzifotiadou, D.;Hayashi, S.;Heckel, S. T.;Hellbaer, E.;Helstrup, H.;Herghelegiu, A.;Corral, G. Herrera;Hess, B. A.;Hetland, K. 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G.;Kobdaj, C.;Kofarago, M.;Kollegger, T.;Kolojvari, A.;Kondratiev, V.;Kondratyeva, N.;Kondratyuk, E.;Konevskikh, A.;Kopcik, M.;Kour, M.;Kouzinopoulos, C.;Kovalenko, O.;Kovalenko, V.;Kowalski, M.;Meethaleveedu, G. Koyithatta;Kralik, I.;Kravcakova, A.;Krivda, M.;Krizek, F.;Kryshen, E.;Krzewicki, M.;Kubera, A. M.;Kucera, V.;Kuhn, C.;Kuijer, P. G.;Kumar, A.;Kumar, J.;Kumar, L.;Kumar, S.;Kurashvili, P.;Kurepin, A.;Kurepin, A. B.;Kuryakin, A.;Kweon, M. J.;Kwon, Y.;La Pointe, S. L.;La Rocca, P.;Ladron de Guevara, P.;Fernandes, C. Lagana;Lakomov, I.;Langoy, R.;Lapidus, K.;Lara, C.;Lardeux, A.;Lattuca, A.;Laudi, E.;Lea, R.;Leardini, L.;Lee, S.;Lehas, F.;Lehner, S.;Lemmon, R. C.;Lenti, V.;Leogrande, E.;Leon Monzon, I.;Leon Vargas, H.;Leoncino, M.;Levai, P.;Li, S.;Li, X.;Lien, J.;Lietava, R.;Lindal, S.;Lindenstruth, V.;Lippmann, C.;Lisa, M. A.;Ljunggren, H. M.;Lodato, D. F.;Loenne, P. 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2016-01-01
Abstract
Background: In the context of the investigation of the quark gluon plasma produced in heavy-ion collisions, hadrons containing heavy (charm or beauty) quarks play a special role for the characterization of the hot and dense medium created in the interaction. The measurement of the production of charm and beauty hadrons in proton-proton collisions, besides providing the necessary reference for the studies in heavy-ion reactions, constitutes an important test of perturbative quantum chromodynamics (pQCD) calculations. Heavy-flavor production in proton-nucleus collisions is sensitive to the various effects related to the presence of nuclei in the colliding system, commonly denoted cold-nuclear-matter effects. Most of these effects are expected to modify open-charm production at low transverse momenta (p(T)) and, so far, no measurement of D-meson production down to zero transverse momentum was available at mid-rapidity at the energies attained at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Purpose: The measurements of the production cross sections of promptly produced charmed mesons in p-Pb collisions at the LHC down to p(T) = 0 and the comparison to the results from pp interactions are aimed at the assessment of cold-nuclear-matter effects on open-charm production, which is crucial for the interpretation of the results from Pb-Pb collisions. The prompt charmed mesons D-0, D+, D*+, and D-s(+) were measured at mid-rapidity in p-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair root S-NN = 5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. D mesons were reconstructed from their decays D-0 -> K- pi(+), D+ -> K- pi(+) pi(+), D*+ -> D-0 pi(+), D-S(+) -> phi pi(+) -> K- K+ pi(+), and their charge conjugates, using an analysis method based on the selection of decay topologies displaced from the interaction vertex. In addition, the prompt D 0 production cross section was measured in pp collisions at root S = 7 TeV and p-Pb collisions at root S-NN = 5.02 TeV down to p(T) = 0 using an analysis technique that is based on the estimation and subtraction of the combinatorial background, without reconstruction of the D-0 decay vertex. Results: The production cross section in pp collisions is described within uncertainties by different implementations of pQCD calculations down to p(T) = 0. This allowed also a determination of the total c (c) over bar production cross section in pp collisions, which is more precise than previous ALICE measurements because it is not affected by uncertainties owing to the extrapolation to pT = 0. The nuclear modification factor R-pPb( p(T)), defined as the ratio of the p(T)-differential D meson cross section in p-Pb collisions and that in pp collisions scaled by the mass number of the Pb nucleus, was calculated for the four D-meson species and found to be compatible with unity within uncertainties. The results are compared to theoretical calculations that include cold-nuclear-matter effects and to transport model calculations incorporating the interactions of charm quarks with an expanding deconfined medium. Conclusions: These measurements add experimental evidence that the modification of the D-meson transverse momentum distributions observed in Pb-Pb collisions with respect to pp interactions is due to strong final-state effects induced by the interactions of the charm quarks with the hot and dense partonic medium created in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. The current precision of the measurement does not allow us to draw conclusions on the role of the different cold-nuclear-matter effects and on the possible presence of additional hot-medium effects in p-Pb collisions. However, the analysis technique without decay-vertex reconstruction, applied on future larger data samples, should provide access to the physics-rich range down to p(T) = 0.